By Kodi Barth
With the International Press Institute in town
this week, every top brass has been making the right
kind of noises on Press freedom. Very commendable. But,
I’m not throwing a party. It may have just been
rhetoric. Talk, period.
It began right at the top, with President Mwai Kibaki
talking of a proposed law to govern the media. At his
welcome address last Sunday to IPI, the global media
congress, the President left little doubt that his
government would enact the much flaunted Freedom of
Information Act. Then the media would operate freely.
"The free flow of news and information is one of the
hallmarks of democracy," he said. "An informed society
is able to better participate in the design and
execution of public policies."
I believe the President. It is such a society that is
best placed to bask in prosperity.
And Vice-President Moody Awori must have been
listening. When he came calling on Tuesday afternoon,
the V-P took the good talk another mile. "The government
is committed to the growth of free media," he said, "as
we have learnt the hard way that there can be no
democracy without an aggressive, free, challenging and —
believe it or not — untrusting media."
But, there was also Attorney-General Amos Wako. For
other reasons, the A-G is increasingly looking like a
man who is about to be run out of town. Clearly, he was
not in the mood for niceties this week. But, on
Wednesday last week, Wako told journalists he was
personally going to see to it that a progressive media
law went to Parliament. A "facilitating law", he called
it; a law that would turn media people into
professionals.
The benefits of such a law were articulated by
Government Spokesman Alfred Mutua, the former university
don who, by consensus now, clearly landed the wrong job.
He may be jinxed with first-class goofs, but Mutua still
told journalists that the proposed Freedom of
Information Act would harness access to public
information. "The FOIA will not replace the existing
laws but will complement them, and a law will be enacted
to ensure that Government officials have to make
information available," he said.
Let us return to the President, where it all began.
"My government is … [working to] bring the legal
framework in line with the current realities," the
President told IPI. What about possible future
realities? Ok, Parliament could enact a progressive
media law. But, what happens when one day the realities
are such that government can’t deal with a critical
media? What will stop a mere quorum in Parliament — 16
men, for example — from throwing the good law out of the
window?
No, Mr President. I don’t want a media law. Not even
one crafted in heaven. I want something stronger.
Something more tenable. Something designed to stand the
test of time. Something a whacked dictator will find a
hard time reversing.
I want a constitutional amendment. If your government
means well, I want a constitutional amendment to the
effect that Parliament shall make no law negating the
freedom of the Press.
Forget that talk about Freedom of Information Act. We
already have in our legal books some vague reference to
freedom of speech. And for 40 years, that line has done
us no good. But an amendment to the constitution; now
that is different. The merits are enormous.
One, the right to publish and broadcast would be cast
in stone. Media practitioners would not just be living a
privilege, they’d be exercising a constitutional right.
And we would never hear of the First Lady slapping a
journalist. Two, debate on public issues would be
uninhibited, robust and wide open. A guaranteed
marketplace of ideas is, perhaps, the best symbol of
freedom. Three, we would never again see a journalist
dragged to some police station, ostensibly to record a
statement. And public officials would no longer hold the
media in perpetual dread of trivial lawsuits. Four, the
Press would have the right to satirise public figures,
even when such satires are outrageous; because satire
plays a prominent role in public debate. Five, the
government would not tell any Press, even its own, what
it must report. Six, the government may not be required
to furnish information to the Press, but it would be
obliged to allow the Press to observe many functions of
government. Seven, journalists would not be obliged to
disclose their sources of information. So whistle
blowers would be better protected, by law. Eight,
government would not enforce laws that discriminate
against the Press. A constitutional rubric prohibiting
that would serve as a shield against an overzealous
government.
Above all, where courts may be asked to issue a
restraining order on publication, judges would first
look over their shoulders at the constitution. And there
they would find a heavy presumption in favour of Press
freedom.
Then, we may just have a shot at that prosperity the
President was talking about.